Portable power station is a new product in recent years. If you don't understand the composition of portable power station, you don't know where is the core technology of a portable power station? Where is the core value? It is impossible to make the right choice.
Now on the market, whether it is portable power station, outdoor mobile power supply, portable power station is a kind of energy storage power supply, and I will collectively refer to it as energy storage power supply below.
The portable power station is divided into "ordinary energy storage power supply" and "smart energy storage power supply". Here we are talking about the core components of "ordinary energy storage power supply".
Portable power station is an integrated product, not an electric energy production unit, but an electric energy storage warehouse, just like a granary, which stores external electric energy first, and then releases electric energy when and where it is needed.
1. Composition of ordinary energy storage power supply:
The entire energy storage power supply is composed of four core units: power conversion unit, power management unit, power storage unit, and power supply unit, plus five parts of the appearance structure unit.
1. Power conversion unit: The electric energy stored in the energy storage power supply comes from the outside. There are many kinds of external electric energy, such as electricity from the city grid, solar power, wind power, and so on.
The power storage unit is composed of batteries, not all electric energy can be stored, and the external electric energy must be converted into electric energy that can be stored by the battery.
2. Power management unit: It mainly manages the charging and discharging of the battery, the amount of capacity, strength, and temperature. It mainly uses the characteristics of the battery as a standard to manage the measurement, start, stop, on, and off of electric energy. Such as battery protection board, BMS battery management system.
3. Power storage unit: The energy storage power supply does not produce electric energy, but is a warehouse for storing electric energy. This warehouse is composed of batteries, which can be lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, or supercapacitor batteries. These batteries have their own characteristics. .
4. Power supply unit: The ultimate purpose of the energy storage power supply is to take out the stored electric energy and supply it to electrical appliances at the required time and place.
Due to the diversity of electrical appliances, the diversity of required power is required, so the power supply unit is required to convert the stored electricity and then supply it to various electrical appliances. There are commonalities in the diversity. They are basically international and relatively mature. They are all ready-made.
For example, inverter, USB, cigarette lighter, and TYPE-C are all power supply units.
5. Appearance structural unit: portable power station is a highly integrated product, which combines the original scattered power conversion unit (charger), power management unit (BMS battery management system), power storage unit (lithium battery pack), power The supply unit (inverter, DC power supply) is centrally installed in the exterior mechanism unit to form an integrated product with the functions of power storage and power supply, which is called a portable power station.
The core of ordinary energy storage power supply: in the process of power storage, the power storage unit is the end point, passing through the power management unit; in the process of power supply, the power storage unit is the starting point, passing through the power management unit, in the process of charging and discharging Among them, the power storage unit and the power management unit are the intersection point and the core of the portable power station.
Power management unit and power storage unit occupy most of the cost of portable power station.
Safety technical problems of ordinary energy storage power supply
As we said above, the ordinary energy storage power supply is an integrated product, and the technology inherits the technology of the previous decentralized products, so there is no difficulty!
But safety hazards have also been inherited. The safe application of lithium batteries is a worldwide problem, and it has always been the direction that lithium battery application technicians hope to overcome.
The safety application technology of ordinary energy storage power supply is BMS battery management system + lithium battery pack, which mainly relies on the safety protection of BMS battery management system to ensure the safety of energy storage power supply. This safety application technology has been introduced from abroad and has not been improved for more than 30 years.
Practice has proved that this technology can only guarantee the normal operation of ordinary energy storage power supplies, but cannot guarantee the safety of energy storage power supplies. The Tianjin outdoor mobile power explosion incident in September 2022 has given me a warning, and it also shows that this technology cannot guarantee the safety of portable power stations.
Most of the outdoor power supplies currently on the market are ordinary energy storage power supplies. It can be expected that in the next 3 to 5 years, with the increasing age of the electronic circuits and lithium battery packs of ordinary energy storage power supplies, the products will gradually age. Fires and explosions will happen one after another.
This is not alarmist, it is caused by the lack of the safety theory of the entire common energy storage power supply and the defect of the safety mechanism. Danger will happen in the future, it will become inevitable!
How can portable power station be safe?
In order to be safe, the portable power station must develop the existing lithium battery safety theory, improve the existing safety mechanism, and develop towards intelligence. Only "smart energy storage power supply" can achieve safety.
